daddy-poppy's 藥學跟動物世界

climate ［ˈklaɪmɪt］　氣候   　
If climate changes continue，we will suffer the consequences

✔　climate change 　氣候變遷

weather    天氣　 
In warm weather，you should wear clothing that is cool and comfortable

⊙　disaster - water

flood （n） 　洪水 　 If there is a flood, a large amount of water covers an area which is usually dry, for example when a river flows over its banks or a pipe bursts
More than 70 people were killed in the flood

flood （v）　淹沒　 If something such as a river or a burst pipe floods an area that is usually dry or if the area floods, it becomes covered with water 
The Chicago River flooded the city's underground tunnel system

flood 　大批湧入、充斥
Large numbers of immigrants flooded into the area
His mail box is flooded with spam

➢　flood into

drought（n）　乾旱  a long period when there is little or no rain
Drought and famines have killed up to two million people here

✔　famine ［ˈfæm.ɪn］  　饑荒　 Famine is a situation in which large numbers of people have little or no food, and many of them die

tsunami  ［tsʊˈnɑmi］ 　 海嘯 　

monsoon  ［ˌmɑ:nˈsu:n］   　季風、梅雨　  The monsoon is the season in Southern Asia when there is a lot of very heavy rain
In Ban-gladesh，the monsoons have started

⊙　disaster - wind

hurricane 　颶風　➡　發生在大西洋西部、加勒比海、墨西哥灣、北太平洋東部
Hurricane Andrew has passed over the southern tip of Florida

typhoon 　颱風　➡　發生在北太平洋西部、南海
A typhoon is approaching Hong Kong now

cyclone  ［ˈsaɪkloʊn］　　旋風　➡　發生在印度洋
An violent cyclone hit the town last night

the eye of the storm   　颱風眼

call off school and work   　停止上班上課
The government announced to call off school and work

land and sea warnings  　陸上與海上颱風警報
Land and sea warnings are in effect for the entire country

tornado 　龍捲風 
Tornado hits southern coast of Mexico

⊙　disaster - crust／ground

earthquake　 
921 is one of the most devastating earthquakes in Taiwan

massive earthquake  　大地震

magnitude （n） 　震度、亮度、強度　 Magnitude is used in stating the size or extent of something such as a star, earthquake, or explosion
The San Francisco earthquake of 1906 had a magnitude of 8.3

mudslide 　土石流 　A mudslide is a large amount of mud sliding down a mountain, usually causing damage or destruction 
Several people escaped the mudslide by running to higher ground

volcanic eruption　火山爆發

volcano ash    火山灰

lava  　岩漿

dormant volcano  　休眠火山　

✔　dormant 　休眠的、沉睡的　Something that is dormant is not active, growing, or being used at the present time but is capable of becoming active later on

⊙　disaster - snow

blizzard ［ˈblɪzərd］　暴風雪　A blizzard is a very bad snowstorm with strong winds
You'll have to stay here until the blizzard was gone
Because of the blizzard，many schools were forced to close for a few days

squall （n）　突起的強風     A squall is a sudden strong wind which often causes a brief, violent rain storm or snow storm
The boat was hit by a squall

avalanche ［ˈævəlæntʃ］　雪崩　 An avalanche is a large mass of snow that falls down the side of a mountain
They were killed by an avalanche in the Swiss Alps

⊙　disaster - temperature

global warming    全球暖化

heat wave  　熱浪　a period of days during which the weather is much hotter than usual
A tropic heat wave is expected to hit the city

cold front 　冷鋒 
A cold front is moving in from the north

⊙　disaster - other

hailstorm 　冰暴 　A hailstorm is a storm during which it hails

sandstorm  　沙塵暴　

forest fire   森林大火

wildfire 　野火    A wildfire is a fire that starts, usually by itself, in a wild area such as a forest, and spreads rapidly, causing great damage

➢　spread like wildfire　（疾病、消息）迅速傳開　  If disease or news spreads like wildfire, it quickly affects or becomes known by more and more people
The story spread like wildfire

⊙　災情造成的死亡人數

＊　death toll + disaster + reach + number 
The death toll in Tianjin explosions reaches 112

✔　death toll ［toʊl］   死亡人數　 the death toll of an accident, disaster, or war is the number of people who die in it

＊　disaster + kill + number    　　 簡單明瞭的用法
Monsoon Flooding Kills Dozens In Myanmar

take its toll 　造成傷害 　to cause harm or suffering
The thunder storm took its tolls on human lives